Civil Engineering - MADE EASY Study Material for GATE, ESE and SES Exams

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Anaerobic Stabilisation Units

Design Data of Septic Tank Flow of sewage is taken as 40 to 70 litres/capita/day. When sludge is also discharged

Stages of the Sludge Digestion Process Three distinct stages have been found to occur in the biological action involved in

Grit removal basins, such as Grit chamber or Grit channels or Detritus tank are the sedimentation basins placed in front

Depending upon the size of the openings, types of screens may be classified as following: (a) Coarse Screens: They are

ESTIMATION OF SEWAGE DISCHARGE The sewage discharge which has to pass through a sewer must be estimated as correctly as

Egg Shaped Sewer Section Circular sewer sections are mostly used for separate sewage system. However, other forms of sewer section

Lakes have been found to exhibit distinct zone of biological activity, largely determined by the availability of light and oxygen

Average standard BOD of domestic sewage is 80 gms per person per day. The number of person which produce the

When water flows through a metal pipe (such as a cast iron or a steel pipe), it attacks and disintegrates

Analysis of pipe network includes determination of quantities of flow and head loss in various pipe lines and resulting residual

Method of Water Distribution Water is forced in the distribution system in the following ways: (i) Gravitational system (ii) Direct

Disinfecting Action of Chlorine Addition of chlorine to water forms hypochlorous acid or hypochlorite ions which have an immediate and

The ideal filter medium should have a size and of such material that it provide satisfactory effluent, retain a maximum

The filters, in fact purify the water under four different processes. These processes are summarized below: Different Processes of Filtration

After the addition of the coagulant to the raw water, the mixture is thoroughly and vigorously mixed, so that coagulant

The mechanism of destabilization (Removal of “little or no tendency of colloids to aggregate”) of colloids are classified in four

Type of Sedimentation Tanks There are two types of sedimentation tank: (a) Quiescent type (b) Continuous type (a) Quiescent Type

Screens are generally provided in front of the pumps or the intake work, so as to exclude the large sized

If two or more wells are constructed very close to each other such that their cones of depression intersect, they