Free Study Material for GATE, ESE, SSC JE & Competitive Exams 2025-26

Fourier Transform

INTRODUCTION In the previous chapter, we saw that Fourier series can be generalized only for periodic signals not for aperiodic

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LTI SYSTEM PROPERTIES

LTI SYSTEM PROPERTIES AND THE IMPULSE RESPONSE The impulse response completely characterizes the LTI system. Here, we will discuss system

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LTI Systems

LINEAR TIME-INVARIANT (LTI) SYSTEMS Systems with two basic properties viz. linearity and time-invariance are known as LTI systems. These systems

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8085 Microprocessor

INTRODUCTION The most important technological invention of modern times is the “microprocessor”. A microprocessor is a multiple purpose programmable clock

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COUNTERS

Counters A digital counter is a set of flip-flops whose states change in response to the pulses applied at the

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MULTIPLEXERS

MULTIPLEXERS Multiplexing means sharing. A digital multiplexer (MUX) is a combinational circuit that accepts several data inputs and allows only

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CODE CONVERTERS

The availability of a large variety of codes for the same discrete elements of information results in the use of

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The NAND Gate

The NAND gate and NOR gate are called Universal gates because they can perform all the three basic functions of

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Basic Gates

The NOT Gate The NOT gate has a single input variable and a single output variable. The NOT operation is

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LOGIC GATES

Logic gates are the based building blocks of any digital system. They are usually constructed in LSI and VLSI circuits

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Karnaugh Map

KARNAUGH MAP The “Karnaugh map” is a graphical method which provides a systematic method for simplifying and manipulating the Boolean

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