Mechanical Engineering - MADE EASY Study Material for GATE, ESE and SES Exams

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Elastic Constants

Elastic constants are those factors which determine the deformation produced by a given stress system acting on material. Modulus of

When a material behaves elastically and exhibits a linear relationship between stress and strain, it is called linearly elastic. In

All the grades of steel have the same Young’s modulus but different yield stresses. where, σ= Stress, Ductile material :

Stress and Strain Stress It is the resistance offered by a body to deformation. Nominal stress (Engineering stress) = Load/

Imperfections on crystal surface are surface imperfections. These imperfections have a thickness of a few atomic diameter. These are boundaries

Annealing Annealing is the heating of steel to austenizing temperature and then cooling slowly in the furnace. The purpose of

The maximum angle of inclination of an inclined plane with horizontal for which a body lying on the inclined plane

Consider a body A which is just about to move on plane under external applied force F. The W is

The limiting friction force fL is directly proportional to the normal reaction between two bodies in contact. fL ∝ N

Static Friction The force of friction always acts in a direction opposite to the impending motion. The limiting force of

The friction is of the following types : Static friction: It is the friction experienced by two bodies in contact

When a body moves or tends to move on another body, the property of two bodies by virtue of which

Some of the popular alloy steels are : Silicon steel Nickel steel Chrome-Vanadium steel Chrome-Molybdenum steel Manganese steel Vanadium steel

1. Carbon : Carbon content in steel affects Hardness Machinability Tensile strength Melting point 2. Nickel : Increases toughness and

Flame Hardening The process consists of heating the surface of medium carbon steel by high temperature gas flame at 2400°C

This process is employed to increase hardness, wear resistance and endurance limit of the surface of the work piece, the

In cyaniding a case of high hardness and wear resistance is produced on C-alloy steels. Work is immersed in molten

In nitriding, the nitrogen content of the surface is increased, this is done by heating the part in the atmosphere

Carburizing is a case-hardening process in which carbon is added to the surface of low carbon steel. Thus, carburized steel