Laws of Friction
Static Friction
- The force of friction always acts in a direction opposite to the impending motion.
- The limiting force of friction is proportional to the normal reaction.
- The force of friction is independent of the area of contact between the two surfaces.
- The force of friction depends upon the roughness of the surfaces of two materials.
Kinetic Friction
- The force of friction always acts in a direction so as to oppose the relative motion between two moving surfaces.
- The magnitude of kinetic friction bears a constant ratio to the normal reaction between the two surfaces.
- The force of friction is independent of the relative velocity between the two surfaces in contact, but it decreases slightly with an increase in velocity.
- The coefficient of friction changes slightly by temperature changes.
Fluid Friction
- The force of friction is almost independent of the load.
- The force of friction reduces with the increase of temperature of the lubricant.
- The force of friction depends upon the type of viscosity of the lubricant.
- The force of friction is independent of the nature of surfaces.
- The frictional force increases with the increase in the relative velocity of the frictional surfaces.
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