Elastic Constants
Elastic constants are those factors which determine the deformation produced by a given stress system acting on material.
Modulus of elasticity (E) = Longitudinal stress/Longitudinal strain
Modulus of rigidity (G) = Shear stress/Shear strain
Bulk modulus (K) = Direct stress/Volumetric strain
Shear Force
It is an internal force acting tangentially to the section which is normal to the longitudinal direction.
- It may be horizontal or vertical.
- It is that internal force at a section which is needed to maintain free body equilibrium either to the left or right of the section.
- Shear force at any section is the algebraic sum of all transverse forces either from the left or right of that section.
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