Mechanical Engineering - MADE EASY Study Material for GATE, ESE and SES Exams

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Pantograph

PANTOGRAPH A pantograph is a four-bar linkage used to produce paths exactly similar to the ones traced out by a

The Oldham’s coupling shown in figure is used to connect two parallel shafts, the distance between whose axes is small

Second Inversion (Scotch Yoke) If any of the slide-blocks of the first inversion is fixed, the second inversion of the

First Inversion (Elliptical Trammel) It is a device to draw an ellipse. Fig. shows an elliptical trammel in which two

A kinematic chain consisting of two turning pairs and two sliding pairs is called double slider-crank chain as shown in

Planar Mechanism Taking a different link as the fixed link, the slider-crank mechanism shown in Fig. (a) can be inverted

When one of the turning pairs of a four-bar chain is replaced by a sliding pair, it becomes a single

Simple Mechanism All the mechanisms having 4-links are simple mechanisms and the mechanisms having more than 4 links are compound

Line defects are linear and one dimensional defect in which one surface of the crystal slips with respect to the

Burger vector is defined as the vector which indicate direction and magnitude of displacement of dislocation within a lattice. Burger’s

Bending Stress (i) Simply supported beam: When a simply supported beam is subjected to a sagging bending moment, the cross-section

The equation of bending is applicable when the beam is free from shear force, i.e., the equation of bending is

In figure shown, fibres are in compression above neutral surface or layer in longitudinal direction, so in transverse direction, fibres

Normal Stresses in beams As per Hooke’s law, εx = σ/E Here, σ is the bending stress in longitudinal direction

Normal strain in beams Consider a simply supported beam of length L subjected to moments at ends A and B

Theory of Pure Bending The material of the beam is homogeneous, isotropic, and linear elastic, in which Hooke’s law is

Consider a simply supported beam AB of length L subjected to moment M0 at its ends as shown in figures.

For design purpose, a beam should be so designed that it has adequate stiffness so that the deflections are within

Bending moment at section of a beam is defined as the algebraic sum of the moments about the section as