Nitriding
In nitriding, the nitrogen content of the surface is increased, this is done by heating the part in the atmosphere of NH3 gas and the parts to be nitrided are placed in an air tight container. NH3 is passing continuously through the work pieces at a temperature of 500 to 650°C, NH3 gas disconnects as follows.
2NH3-2N+3H2
This atomic state of nitrogen diffuses into steel surface and react with alloys of steel making a case containing the alloys nitrides.
Thus the presence of alloying elements such as Al, Cu, etc., is necessary in order to obtain a case of maximum hardness medium C-steel containing 3% of alloying elements produces the hardest case on the steel surface.
Advantages :
- It increases the hardness of the surface layer, which is hard as compared to carburizing.
- It increases wear resistance and endurance limit.
- No heat treatment is required after nitriding.
Uses:
- Nitriding is used during manufacture of gears components of machine tools, cylinder of powerful engines lines, gauges, cams , valves etc.
Disadvantages:
- The case produced is brittle.
- The process is costly compared to carburizing.
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