BERNOULLI’S EQUATION AND ITS APPLICATION
Assumptions in Bernoulli’s equation:
- fluid is ideal
- flow is steady
- flow is continuous
- fluid is incompressible
- flow is irrotational
- applicable along a streamline.
This equation is obtained by integrating Euler’s equation.
p/w + z + V2/2g = C
Here, p/w + z
= Pressure head + gravitational head
= Piezometric head
Remember:
Bernoulli’s equation is applicable across the streamlines if flow is irrotational.
Venturimeter
Here, x = Manometric deflection, Sm = Relative density of manometric fluid, S = Relative density of flowing
fluid
Qactual =Cd Qideal
For venturimeter, Cd = 0.97 – 0.99
Orifice Meter
It is cheaper arrangement but has more energy loss.
Pitot Tube
It is based on the principle of conversion of kinetic head into pressure head. The point at which velocity reduces to zero is called the stagnation point.
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