Fluid MechanicsMechanical Engineering

BERNOULLI’S EQUATION AND ITS APPLICATION

Assumptions in Bernoulli’s equation:

  • fluid is ideal
  • flow is steady
  • flow is continuous
  • fluid is incompressible
  • flow is irrotational
  • applicable along a streamline.

This equation is obtained by integrating Euler’s equation.

p/w + z + V2/2g = C

Here, p/w + z

= Pressure head + gravitational head

= Piezometric head

Remember:

Bernoulli’s equation is applicable across the streamlines if flow is irrotational.

Venturimeter

Venturimeter

Here, x = Manometric deflection, Sm = Relative density of manometric fluid, S = Relative density of flowing
fluid

Qactual =Cd Qideal

For venturimeter, Cd = 0.97 – 0.99

Orifice Meter

It is cheaper arrangement but has more energy loss.

 Orifice Meter

Pitot Tube

It is based on principle of conversion of kinetic head into pressure head. The point at which velocity reduces to zero is called the stagnation point.

Pitot Tube

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